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The next evolution in cataract surgery: UKISCRS releases its Dropless Cataract Surgery Guidelines

Dropless cataract surgery is an evolving approach designed to simplify postoperative care by reducing or eliminating the need for patient-administered eye drops. The recently published guidelines by UKISCRS outline best practices to ensure safe, effective implementation of dropless techniques while...

Uveal melanoma

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumour. However, they are still rare, with an incidence of 2-8 per million [1]. The presence of a choroidal naevus is a risk factor for uveal melanoma [1]. Patients with choroidal lesions...

Pituitary tumours: why are they so often missed?

Part 2: Clinical varieties, anatomical considerations and case report (see also Part 1 and Part 3) For ophthalmologists there are four types of pituitary tumour to be considered, three of which are named according to the hormone secreted, along with...

Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs)

The term congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder (CCDD) was introduced by Gutowski et al. in 2003 to describe strabismus conditions that result from developmental error in innervation of some of the extraocular muscles. Examples of these conditions include Duane’s syndrome and...

DMEK vs. UT-DSAEK: has the debate been finally concluded?

In recent years the surgical treatment of corneal endothelial dystrophy has progressed tremendously. Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is the newest iteration in the line of rapid surgical advances that has taken place. However, the previously accepted gold standard prior...

Corpus callosum in infantile esotropia

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) imaging was undertaken with four infantile esotropia (IE) patients and nine controls. All with IE showed an asymmetrical distribution of callosal fibres when comparing two hemispheres. Many fibres terminated near the tips of the occipital cortices....

Static subjective visual vertical (SVV) in the normal visual system

Graviception is the perception of a persons’ orientation relative to gravitational force. This can be measured by means of subjective verticals, which can be divided into three tests: subjective visual vertical (SVV), subjective postural vertical (SPV) and subjective haptic vertical...

Long-term outcomes of surgery for vertical head posture

The authors report long-term follow-up of a series of seven patients with nystagmus and chin up or chin down head posture that underwent vertical extraocular muscle (EOM) surgery. Mean age at surgery was 56 months (19-96 months). All had horizontal...

Sensitive cilia – eyelashes in health and disease

In health our eyelashes protect the eyes, but in disease they can disfigure, impair quality of life and threaten vision. In this review the authors discuss aspects of lashes that are relevant to all professionals working near the eyes and...

Ocular Dirofilariasis: a diagnosis on the rise?

Dirofilaria repens is one of 40 species of Dirofilaria. It is a zoonotic filarial nematode that commonly impacts dogs, however, human infection can occur through affected organs like skin, lung and eyes [1]. Although, there have been case reports of...

Simulation in ophthalmology: a pedagogic viewpoint

The advent of simulation technology has enhanced modern medical training. The first utilisation of simulation was in 1929 where Edward Link used this concept to develop a mechanical flight simulator [1]. Industries such as aviation, nuclear power and the military...

Lateral canthal position after lateral orbitotomy

This is a retrospective photographic study of changes in the lateral canthal position following a lateral orbitotomy performed via a lateral canthotomy and cantholysis of both upper and lower limbs of the lateral canthal tendon. Reconstruction of the lateral canthus...