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Q&A: Mr Goel and Mr Loomba on alcohol delamination and phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for the treatment of recurrent corneal erosion syndrome

14 June 2023 | | EYE - Cornea
Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome is a common, recurrent condition caused by abnormal epithelial adhesion to the underlying basal lamina. Spontaneous breakdown of the corneal epithelium can lead to the sudden onset of ocular pain, blurred vision, tearing and photophobia, typically...

Rebamipide 2% for dry eye

1 December 2013 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
Rebamipide is a quinolinone derivative that has been found to increase mucin production and the number of conjunctival goblet cells. A previous phase two study has shown rebamipide 2% to be better than placebo in improving the ocular surface and...

Narrative literature review for intermittent exotropia

1 July 2024 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
This is a narrative literature review on prevalence, terminology, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics for intermittent exotropia. A Medline search was conducted with no date restrictions up to September 2020 and collating English language studies. Prevalence was reported...

Two illustrative cases of AZOOR

1 February 2019 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology | Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy, autofluorescence, ellipsoid zone, enlarged blind spot
The authors present two illustrative cases of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) which causes acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement. The disease is characterised by sudden loss of outer retinal function associated with photopsia, with minimal or no fundoscopic changes...

Like a moth to AC flare: CMV-associated hypertensive anterior uveitis

19 September 2025 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Hypertensive anterior uveitis can present a diagnostic challenge to clinicians working in emergency eye departments. While prompt initial control of intraocular pressure (IOP) and inflammation is essential, elucidating the underlying aetiology is critical for long-term visual outcomes. When there is...

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: the essentials

24 July 2020 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
Herpes zoster, also referred to as shingles, is a common infection most typically caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus that lies dormant (sometime for decades) in the dorsal root nerve ganglion following primary chickenpox infection [1]. In 10-20%...

Quiz Dec/Jan 2023

1 December 2022 | | EYE - General
History A 35-year-old female presented to the emergency eye clinic with an acutely red, painful, photophobic left eye. She was a contact lens-wearer but denied swimming, showering, or sleeping in her lenses. She resided on a farm and worked as...

Unilateral central scotoma following dengue fever

12 October 2023 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Case report A 16-year-old Caucasian male was referred to the eye casualty at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust by the infectious diseases unit in September 2013. He gave a history of photophobia, pain on eye movements and central blurred vision...

Presumed DALK stromal graft rejection following Covid-19 infection

4 December 2024 | | EYE - Cornea
Case report A 45-year-old healthy male patient with a past ocular history of keratoconus and right deep-anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) graft performed 10 months prior, presented to our eye casualty clinic with a two-day history of right photophobia and epiphora....

Decoding the red eye

15 February 2021 | | EYE - Cornea
Red eye, or hyperaemia, is one of the most common presentations to primary care [1] and the emergency department [2]. However, despite this the underlying cause is often misdiagnosed which can lead to severe, sight-threatening conditions being missed [1]. Thorough...

Behind the curtain: What trainees wish they knew before starting in ophthalmology

10 November 2025 | | EYE - General
As a foundation year doctor, I didn’t expect ophthalmology to feature much in acute medicine or surgery. Yet it kept appearing at the periphery – and when it did, it was often complex and unexpectedly urgent. A confused older patient...

Ciliary body granuloma masquerading as a melanoma

3 February 2023 | | EYE - General
Introduction Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous inflammatory condition which predominantly affects the pulmonary system and intrathoracic lymph nodes, followed by ocular involvement [1]. We present an interesting patient who developed acute anterior uveitis and subsequent ciliary body granuloma clinically mimicking...