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Therapeutic options for advanced cutaneous basal (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

This article discusses the use of topical and systemic therapy in the management of advanced periocular tumours. It focuses on those that have gained United States Food and Drug Administration approval; namely imiquimod, vismodegib, sonidegib, pembrolizumab and cemiplimab. Imiquimod is...

Risk of pulled-in-two syndrome

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is along the risk factors for pulled-in-two syndrome (PITS). The aim of this study was to report six cases and discuss prevention and clinical management strategies. The author’s six cases represented an incidence...

Infantile exotropia surgical outcomes

This study investigates the success rate and dose response of bilateral lateral rectus muscle recessions (BLL) and bilateral lateral rectus muscle recessions plus unilateral medial rectus resection (LMR) on basic type infantile exotropia of 20–45PD. This was a retrospective review...

Revision of orbital fracture repairs

This is a retrospective review of 13 patients with sub-optimal outcomes following primary orbital fracture repairs who underwent revision surgery. All had fractures of the orbital floor, with four involving other orbital walls, and six also involving other facial bones....

Biodegradable plates in lateral orbitotomy surgery

This is a description of a new method for fixating the bone flap during a lateral orbitotomy. The technique involves the use of an absorbable lactide plate. This is warmed in a water bath to allow trimming and moulding to...

Evaluation of a service providing sight impairment registration for stroke survivors

This service evaluation study of a hospital single centre stroke service was undertaken to determine reasons for declining sight registration, whether patients feel supported without registration and determine changes needed to improve registration processes. A review of existent data was...

Use of international interocular difference thresholds for optic neuritis diagnosis in clinical practice

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-traumatic cause of disability in young people, and visual symptoms can be the initial manifestation in up to 20% of cases. Retinal examination can be helpful in making the correct diagnosis. The latest...