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Macular holes: A brief review

The classification of macular holes has been modernised by OCT findings. This is a brief review and encompasses the historical literature on macular holes. A macular hole is an anatomical discontinuation of the neurosensory retina at the centre of the...

Displacement of submacular haemorrhage – comparative study pneumatic displacement versus subretinal cocktail injection

The authors report a multicentre retrospective interventional case series study comparing the outcome of submacular haemorrhage (SMH) using pneumatic displacement with intravitreal expansile gas versus treatment with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) versus subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), anti-vascular...

American Academy of Ophthalmology – Updated textbooks Basic and Clinical Science Course 2018-2019

The American Academy of Ophthalmology publish a series of books entitled Basic and Clinical Science Course every year. It’s a highly regarded series and has often been quoted to me as a good reference set of books. Indeed, I invested...

Advanced level practice for ophthalmic nursing

The Royal College of Nursing (RCN) Ophthalmic Nursing Forum (ONF) is committed to clinical excellence through advancing ophthalmic nursing practice and supporting career development. With the increasing demand for ophthalmic services, advanced and specialist practice roles are vital to increase...

Management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the working-age population. Due to the worsening global epidemic of diabetes, the incidence of morbidity caused by the disease is set to increase [1]. The prevalence of diabetes in the UK...

Literature review of OKN

The authors conducted a critical review of the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) literature to consider OKN and in particular, vertical OKN. The review provides an overview of OKN to aid understanding of the eye movements. It provides a review of the...

Microvasculature changes of mCNV after ranibizumab treatment using OCTA

In this study the authors aim to evaluate the vascular changes of myopic choroidal neovascularisation (mCNV) after ranibizumab treatment using optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA). The 3×3 OCTA en face images were analysed for the absence / presence of mCNV, CNV...

Cementing a VISION 2020 LINK partnership between Blantyre and Liverpool – building capacity for DR services alongside research

Malawi is a small land-locked country in eastern Africa with a growing population of over 17 million people. About 45% of the population is aged 14 or under; only 5% are aged 60 or over. The gross national income per...

VisionSpring’s screening methodology is adopted by the World Health Organisation to increase global access to reading glasses

By endorsing the training of health workers and nurses to identify blurry near vision and dispense reading glasses, the WHO’s new training program is helping solve this billion person issue.

The use of toxin in paediatric strabismus

Strabismus is a common condition that affects up to 5% children and can be associated with abnormal visual development, double vision, loss of depth perception and impaired binocularity [1]. It can also cause cosmetic concerns, negatively impact psychosocial wellbeing and...

IVT Aflibercept 2mg in nAMD: XTEND at 3 years

This study investigated the long-term, effectiveness and safety of IVT-AFL 2mg for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). XTEND was a multicentre, observational, prospective study, which was conducted across 127 centres across 17 countries with a follow-up period of 36 months....

Rebamipide 2% for dry eye

Rebamipide is a quinolinone derivative that has been found to increase mucin production and the number of conjunctival goblet cells. A previous phase two study has shown rebamipide 2% to be better than placebo in improving the ocular surface and...