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Intravitreal injections delivered by ophthalmic clinical nurse specialists
Intravitreal injections of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agent ranibizumab, for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was approved by National Institute for Health & Care Excellence (NICE) in 2008 [1]. The Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (MREH),...Management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the working-age population. Due to the worsening global epidemic of diabetes, the incidence of morbidity caused by the disease is set to increase [1]. The prevalence of diabetes in the UK...
Efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in patients with persistent macular oedema
Chronic cystoid macular oedema (CME) can develop secondary to various pathologies such as diabetic maculopathy, retinal vein occlusion and uveitis. It can cause significant visual impairment and macular damage. The therapeutic effect of corticosteroids in CME is through one or...
Effect of syringe-filling technique and risk for endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents
In this retrospective study the authors compare the risk for post-injection endophthalmitis between different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and syringe preparation technique. This multicentre study included 197,402 injections. The drugs included in this study were three Anti-VEGF agents...
Displacement of submacular haemorrhage – comparative study pneumatic displacement versus subretinal cocktail injection
The authors report a multicentre retrospective interventional case series study comparing the outcome of submacular haemorrhage (SMH) using pneumatic displacement with intravitreal expansile gas versus treatment with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) versus subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), anti-vascular...Clinical trial investigates ‘Light Touch’ approach to wet AMD treatment
A clinical trial led by NIHR Moorfields Clinical Research Facility will explore a new ‘light-touch’ treatment approach for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) that could result in fewer injections and reduced number of clinic visits. Funded by...‘Phaco-plus’ procedures at forefront of modern glaucoma management
Glaucoma and cataract increasingly present as a ‘two-in-one’ surgical opportunity. In the UK, new modelling suggests ~1 million adults aged ≥40 may currently have glaucoma, with a projected rise to ~1.6 million by 2060 as the population ages and demographics...Progress in retinal disease management: Highlights of the Retina Day, RCOphth 2025 Annual Congress
The Retina Day meeting at the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) 2025 Annual Congress in Liverpool was held on 22 May 2025. This report highlights 10 selected topics of interest to subspecialists and general ophthalmologists. Decarbonising anti-VEGF clinics (or making...Traumatic ‘toy’ gun injury leading to permanent vision loss
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a progressive, inherited disorder of connective tissue that affects the skin, cardiovascular system and retina. Ocular manifestations of the disease are related to Bruch’s membrane, a thin elastic tissue layer located between the retinal pigment epithelium...
Importing iron to the retina
In the retina, iron is particularly critical for the visual phototransduction cascade. In the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), RPE65 activity leads to 11-cis-retinaldehyde, the photosensitive component of rhodopsin production and iron containing enzymes are necessary for disc replacement in photoreceptor...
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) associated cystoid macular oedema (CMO)
This is a review article from two units in the UK and Australia, highlighting the supporting evidence of possible pathogenesis and treatment modalities of CMO in RP. The authors proposed that the likely mechanisms for RP-CMO involved the breakdown of...
