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In vivo confocal microscopy, principles and use in keratitis Part 1: Principles

In 1968 Maurice introduced the concept of high powered specular microscopy, it was in that very year that the first scanning confocal microscope was proposed. Marvin Minsky developed the first confocal microscope in 1955 named the ‘double focusing scanning microscope’....

ESASO Course Series (Volume 3): Cataract

T­­­­­his book is designed as a course manual for cataract and refractive surgery. It starts off by discussing both the fluidics and dynamics of phacoemulsification, touching techniques and management of difficult scenarios. The ins and outs of conventional, accommodative, toric...

MCQs for FRCOphth Part 1

The FRCOphth Part 1 is the first of the fellowship examinations set by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. It is considered one of the hardest and challenging examinations focusing on the theoretical knowledge of the learning outcomes set in the...

The management of retinal vein occlusions: a summary

Retinal vein occlusions (RVO) are the most common cause of visual loss from retinal vascular disease second to diabetic retinopathy. Vision is lost due to ischaemia, macular oedema and / or haemorrhage which ultimately effects a patient’s quality of life...

Vital dyes in ophthalmology

This comprehensive review gives an excellent summary of the uses and properties of the different dyes available to aid better visualisation and diagnoses in ophthalmology. The authors clearly display the pharmacological properties, molecular details, osmolarity and indications in clinical ophthalmology...

Periocular burns: a literature review of classification, management protocols and outcomes of treatment

The author provides a review of the current literature regarding the principles of classification, management protocols of acute ocular and periocular burns and the role of the burn and oculoplastic surgeon involved in their care. More than two-thirds of facial...

OCTA and pigment epithelium detachments

Yannuzzi et al. report on their study aiming to evaluate the ability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to differentiate vascularised from nonvascularised pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs) using conventional imaging techniques, including fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green (ICG),...

DRIL after macular oedema treatment in BRVO

The authors report the analysis of a single-site, retrospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between disorganisation of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) and visual acuity (VA) after anti-VEGF treatment for macular oedema (MO) due to branch retinal vein occlusion...

What’s next in retinal imaging? Faster, deeper and full-on

Fast-evolving technological leaps are opening the way toward clinically useful ocular coherence angiography, generating 3-dimensional microvasculature maps without intravenous dye injection, as well as whole-eye imaging, handheld patient-operated optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices and, for challenging vitreoretinal procedures, integrated intraoperative...

Yorkshire Retina Society Winter Meeting 2024

by Madiah Mahmood, Junior Medical Education Fellow, Bradford Teaching Hospitals and Foundation Trust, UK; Ewan McCallum, Consultant Ophthalmologist, Bradford Teaching Hospitals and Foundation Trust, UK. The Yorkshire Retina Society is one of the largest regional subspecialty societies in the UK,...

It’s not all about ARED - Time for a pragmatic approach to nutrition for eye health?

Advances in treatment for retinal diseases involving neovascularisation have undoubtedly changed the future of eye care across the UK for the better, but also created great challenges for service delivery in ophthalmology, particularly within the NHS. Some statistics are starting...

Ocular complications in retinal vasculitis

In this retrospective study the authors aimed to characterise the incidence rates of visual loss and ocular complications associated with retinal vasculitis (RV – annual incidence of 1-2/ 100000/ per annum). A secondary objective was to compare the visual outcomes...