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Progressive myelination of the retinal nerve fibre layer: Acquired or incidental?

4 August 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Paediatrics
*Co-first authors.Myelinated retinal nerve fibres are retinal nerve fibres encased by a myelin sheath, located anterior to the lamina cribrosa [1]. First described by Virchow in 1856, a myelinated retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) appears as a whitish, feathery patch...

Hype or helpful: ChatGPT

5 June 2023 | | EYE - General
It would have been hard to miss all the attention chatbots have received over the last few months. Whilst ChatGPT is easily the most well-known example of the large language models that have become so widespread of late, artificial intelligence...

Developing a training model to strengthen diabetic retinopathy screening through a VISION 2020 LINK in India

1 February 2022 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
I. Development of LINK Partnership A VISION 2020 LINK India was established by signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in 2018 between the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust and...

The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health: vision beyond 2020

2 August 2022 | | EYE - General
Introduction The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health was published in 2021 [1]. Drawing on expertise from within and outside the eye health sector, the Commission set out to: inform governments and other stakeholders about the path forward...

Developing eye health services in Malawi: a personal reflection

3 June 2024 | | EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
Dr Chinsisi Namate reflects on her first two years as a consultant ophthalmologist at the eye unit at Zomba Central Hospital, and how she has already successfully expanded eyecare services for southeast Malawi. The Lions Sight First Eye Hospital in...

Addressing childhood blindness in sub-Saharan Africa

2 August 2024 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
In this article, the authors explore paediatric ophthalmology subspecialist fellowship training in African nations south of the Sahara. Until recently, most African ophthalmologists who wished to pursue a subspecialty ophthalmology training fellowship had to go abroad. There is a huge...

Don’t ignore the black lesion! It might be mucormycosis

1 June 2017 | | EYE - Cornea
Keeping mucormycosis infection in the foreground of your differential diagnosis, especially in those more vulnerable patients, will help save their lives if recognised and managed appropriately. Mucormycosis is a fulminant infection caused by the fungi of the family Mucoraceae. It...

The approach to trabeculectomy postoperative complications

1 August 2016 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Performing a trabeculectomy is like giving birth to a baby. It may be traumatic and there is scope for devastating error but once the operation is completed only then does the real work begin. The bleb must be nurtured into...

Embryology in clinical practice

1 February 2016 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The fascinating world of embryology is both beautiful and practical. It is a home video of our evolutionary history through the ages from the single cell through to the life aquatic, the development of gut, limbs and brain, and most...

The embryology of the eye

1 December 2015 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Nobody claims to like embryology. At least nobody I know. It has been a neglected part of the curriculum since time immemorial and a vicious cycle occurs in which those with an incomplete understanding fail to appreciate the inherent beauty...

Decontamination and sterilisation of surgical instruments and medical devices

1 June 2018 | | EYE - General
Ann-Marie Ablett is a Theatre Nurse and Team Leader who volunteers with Orbis. This has allowed her to gain a wealth of experience on ophthalmic procedures, nursing in under-privileged parts of the world, leadership, management and use of scarce resources....

Diabetic Macular Oedema

1 December 2013 |
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects the metabolism of all three categories of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. This condition is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia [1]. This can cause end organ damage. The estimated worldwide diabetes prevalence for 2010...