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Effect of preservative free fluoroquinolones on human corneal epithelial cells in vitro

Fluoroquinolones, including second generation (ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin), third generation (levofloxacin and tosufloxacin) and fourth generation (gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin), are a group of bactericidal agents used to treat multiple ocular infections. The third and fourth generation fluoroquinolones have enhanced Gram-positive activity...

Ocular bubbly: a vitreoretinal update on the art of gases

The authors remind us of the revolutionary impact gases have had on retinal surgery. In 1938, Rosengren attempted to improve his retina repair surgical outcomes [1]. He discovered that suturing the retina or pressing externally on the sclera were not...

CD40L activation of human RPE cells

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of reduced visual acuity in the elderly worldwide. The risk factors involved in AMD include smoking and diet, while genetics have been shown to have a significant role. Recently a link between...

Optical practices to continue to provide urgent and essential care

The UK Government has now published further guidance clarifying that opticians are exempt from the general requirement for retail businesses and premises to close. Optical practices may therefore continue to provide urgent and essential eye care to the extent that they can, including remote care, while managing COVID-19 risk to keep patients, staff and the public as safe as possible.

Artificial intelligence could transform patient education in eyecare

A multilingual, voice-enabled chatbot helps patients access retinal detachment advice through personalised, real-time, clinically grounded conversations. From hospital leaflets to spoken answers in dozens of languages, new research from the University of East London (UEL) suggests artificial intelligence could dramatically...

Has ‘reduce, reuse and recycle’ gone too far?

The past few decades of surgery since the ‘mad cow disease’ have been dominated by a push to switch to disposable instruments. The reason is to prevent cross-contamination and reduce the risk of surgical site infections – especially so with...

A look into the IOL space

Advances in the design and performance of intraocular lenses (IOLs) continue to be driven by demand for better outcomes, presbyopia correction and spectacle independence, alongside a better understanding of the dynamics of the crystalline lens, newer theories of accommodation and...

Maximising the ocular surface prior to cataract surgery: The old and the new modalities of treatment

Cataract surgery is among the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Over time, it has evolved from a lens-extraction procedure into a refractive intervention that demands meticulous perioperative planning and precision to achieve optimal outcomes. Optimisation of the ocular surface...

Implications of missed foreign bodies under the upper eyelid

Children aren’t the best historians. As a result, clinicians sometimes rely on the accounts of parents regarding problems. Missed foreign bodies due to poor histories or incomplete examinations may result in irreversible loss of vision. This case report shines light...

Mono vs. multi-therapy in IOP control

This randomised control trial studied newly diagnosed glaucoma patients given mono‐ or multi‐therapy regarding differences in initial intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, target IOP levels reached and influence of untreated baseline IOP on IOP reduction. Patients newly diagnosed with manifest primary...

Intravitreal aflibercept for retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP)

In this prospective study the authors present the visual and anatomical outcome of patients with RAP lesions who were treated with intravitreal aflibercept. The study cohort of 46 patients reached study completion at week 96. They were all Caucasians, with...

Retinoblastoma management update (part 1): clinical features, diagnosis and genetics

The first of a two part series, this article will discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and genetic aspects of retinoblastoma. Manoj Parulekar is based at Birmingham Children’s Hospital, one of the two designated national retinoblastoma and paediatric ocular oncology treatment...