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Getting the Duke Elder examination right: reflections and tips from a medical student

31 May 2023 | | EYE - General
The Duke Elder undergraduate prize examination is an annual exam organised by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists in the United Kingdom. Named after Sir Stewart Duke Elder, a prominent British ophthalmologist, the exam is designed to encourage undergraduate medical students...

The founder of modern ophthalmology: Sir William Stewart Duke-Elder

2 June 2025 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
A recent article in Eye News by Blaikie & King highlighted the extraordinary contribution made to the profession of ophthalmology by Sir William Stewart Duke-Elder. The author felt it appropriate to take a further in-depth look at the remarkable career...

Is it NAION… Now what?

3 April 2024 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Case presentation We present the case and discussion of a 46-year-old Caucasian male who complained of immediate reduced vision following complicated neck dissection including a total laryngopharyngectomy, free flap reconstruction for a T4N3 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left...

Sickle cell eye disease: an overview of vitreoretinal complications and their surgical management

1 December 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Sickle cell disease is the most common genetic disorder worldwide and is associated with lifelong anaemia, intermittent pain and multi-organ morbidity. Ocular involvement can be associated with significant visual impairment due to the complications of proliferative sickle retinopathy (PSR). Occasionally...

End stage glaucoma management

1 August 2014 | | EYE - Glaucoma
A 48-year-old female has had multiple drug treatment for glaucoma and is still losing field of vision. How do you manage this over time? This patient is at high-risk for going blind and should be managed aggressively to protect remaining...

It’s not always GCA

7 December 2020 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - General
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an immune mediated granulomatous inflammatory disease that affects muscular middle or large sized arteries. It is considered as a continuation of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) when the severity of the disease has increased. It is the...

A case of ‘60-day glaucoma’

3 April 2023 | | EYE - General
Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) has been called ‘90-’ or ‘100-day glaucoma’ in the past due to its typical development three months after the onset of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). In reality, NVG can occur anywhere between two weeks and two...

Oculogyric crisis with B12 deficiency

1 June 2022 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
An oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a dystonic movement disorder of the eyes which can last from seconds to hours. Although there is no published diagnostic criteria for OGC, typically the onset is acute, and it is characterised by conjugate upward...

Postgraduate training for ophthalmic practitioners

1 December 2025 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Cornea
The UK currently spends £25 billion per year on ocular disease, and there is expected to be a 40% increase in those affected by visual impairment by 2050 [1]. To manage this demand, 82% of ophthalmology units across the UK...

Competition ratios: Is the future of ophthalmology too bright?

29 August 2023 | | EYE - General
In the UK, ophthalmology is a highly competitive speciality, attracting many medical graduates keen to pursue a career in this area. However, in recent years, the competition ratios for ophthalmology ST1 training posts have increased significantly, creating a challenging environment...

My Top Five: Tips for organising and delivering a national ophthalmology educational series

2 October 2025 | | EYE - General
Organising a national teaching series is both deeply rewarding and surprisingly complex. It requires more than just good content – it demands a well-thought-out purpose, seamless logistics, strong communication and meaningful evaluation. Over the past year, I had the opportunity...

My Top Five: Tips for maximising your ophthalmology elective in the UK as an international medical student

4 August 2025 | | EYE - General
Practical strategies for international medical students to maximise their ophthalmology elective in the UK, including networking, skill building and research opportunities. An ophthalmology elective is an incredible opportunity to gain hands-on experience, develop clinical skills and connect with professionals in...