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HtrA1 enhances cell senescence

A genetic basis for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been greatly advanced in recent years. The role of identified pathways such as complement factor H in AMD has been widely investigated. However, the effect of other gene variants identified by...

Macular pigment and dark adaptation in older population with normal maculas

Macular pigment (MP) such as lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin are highly concentrated in the fovea. They protect the retina from damage of ambient blue light via antioxidant properties. In older eyes with normal healthy retina, macular pigment optical density (MPOD)...

Delayed angle closure in pseudophakia and repeated intravitreal therapy

The authors report two cases of acute angle closure many years after uneventful cataract surgery and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Both patients had neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and received regular intravitreal injections (24 and 25 injections in...

Risk of CNV related to angioid streaks in PXE

This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated 301 patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) for prevalence of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) and macular atrophy. Some patients were excluded due to missing or poor-quality imaging or the fact that they didn’t have angioid streaks, leaving...

Changes in drusen and retinal layer volumes prior to CNV development

This retrospective longitudinal study looked at patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in one eye who subsequently developed wet AMD in the fellow eye. The aim was to discover whether drusen characteristics or volumes of retinal layers correlate with...

Aflibercept (AF) for age-related macular degeneration (ARMD): four-year outcomes of a ‘’treat-and-extend’ (T&E) regimen with exit-strategy

This is a retrospective observational study of 82 patients, between 2014 to 2016 from Switzerland of treatment-naive patients with nARMD, treated with AF, with specific T&E protocol without a loading phase and predefined exit criteria and patients were observed three...

How the thinking machine is transforming the retinal landscape

Regulatory approval of the first two therapeutic substances for the management of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration has been a major breakthrough. The authors explored the issue surrounding the lack of agreed therapeutic standards and diagnostic tools...

The use of virtual reality in paediatric ophthalmology

The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of virtual reality (VR) in the broader field of paediatric ophthalmology with review of examination, screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. This review also explores the potential of eye tracking used...

Usher syndrome patient reported outcomes

The authors present a systematic review of the literature on patient-reported outcomes in Usher syndrome; a leading cause of deaf-blindness. A total of 27 studies were included, and there was a strong bias towards studies from the US and Europe...