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How to get the most out of your ophthalmology elective
If you are in your penultimate year (or even earlier) and have already decided that you want to do ophthalmology, good for you! Ophthalmology is one of the most competitive specialties, and one of the easiest ways to demonstrate your...Feb/Mar 2017 Quiz
History A 40-year-old male patient presented with a right lower eyelid swelling with gradual enlargement for two months. On examination there was a large lesion apparently involving lid margin, part of palpebral conjunctiva and skin. No other local or systemic...A practical guide to anisocoria
Anisocoria means the presence of difference in the size of the right and left pupils. It is a sign of an abnormality in the efferent pathway. The first question facing the ophthalmologist is to ascertain if anisocoria is present or...
Risk of developing pseudotumor cerebri in women using a levonorgesteral intrauterine device
Pseudotumor cerebri (PCT) is a disorder causing increased intracranial pressure without a mass lesion, usually seen in obese women of childbearing age. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is an idiopathic form of the disorder, but several medications have been associated with the...
Silent keratitis in failed graft
This study examined rates of asymptomatic keratitis in failed full thickness corneal grafts, which were not picked up clinically preoperatively. During a five year period 53 penetrating keratoplasties (PK) were performed for long-standing graft decompensation with stromal opacity and /...
Eyelid nodule outcomes
Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a recently defined paediatric dermatology disorder. This study presents the clinical outcomes of children with IFAG nodules on their eyelids with or without facial nodules and aim to compare the outcomes with those presenting...
Systematic review on vergence neural pathways
A full systematic review of the literature was carried out by the authors, to identify literature available on vergence neural pathways and associated disorders. The review included articles related to vergence neural pathways, along with articles that discussed the anatomy,...
Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) has been linked with various pathological conditions of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, tumours and brainstem inflammatory processes. This unusual case report describes a case of a 45-year-old female patient presenting with...
An unusual case of partial oculomotor nerve palsy
The authors present an unusual case of intra-axial oculomotor nerve involvement due to midbrain infarction. The 65-year-old male patient presented with unilateral complete blepharoptosis and slight limitation of upgaze. Neurological examination revealed a complete ptosis of the left eyelid, slight...
Imiquimod for lentigo maligna
This is a retrospective review of 12 patients with periocular lentigo maligna treated with topical 5% imiquimod cream. In six patients it was the only treatment, and in the other six it was used following partial excision, cryotherapy or both....
Hemianopia or visuospatial neglect: differences in information processing
It is widely reported that visuospatial neglect and hemianopia may be superimposed, and disentangling the two conditions can be pose difficulties for clinicians. The authors of this paper explored the differences in implicit information processing which is effective in patients...
