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The Duke Elder Exam of Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Guide for Success
The Duke Elder Exam is an annual competitive national undergraduate exam organised by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. This two-hour exam consists of 90 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and examines clinical ophthalmology, ocular physiology, anatomy, pathology, genetics and socio-economic medicine related...
Ophthalmology Secrets, Fifth Edition
Janice Gault presents the fifth edition of the critically acclaimed Ophthalmology Secrets. If you are someone like me, who is sceptical and needs persuaded to add another textbook to their collection, let me be the first to convince you the...
Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and age-related cataracts
Cataractogenesis occurs as a result of ageing, smoking, exposure to UV radiation and genetic predisposition. Antioxidants can reduce the cataract risk as found in animal models and humans and vitamin D is one of them. This epidemiological study based in...Forward-tilt technique for intraocular pressure measurement in upgaze
The authors suggest a technique to improve the accuracy of measuring IOP in upgaze using Goldmann applanation tonometry. Graves’ ophthalmopathy, also known as thyroid eye disease, is an autoimmune inflammatory condition affecting the orbit and periorbital tissues [1]. It was...Commonest mistakes during the refraction certificate exam
Ophthalmology specialty trainees are required to pass the refraction certificate exam within the first two years of training. If one passes this exam before entering a training programme, this can add two points to the portfolio during applications. In this...A semi-automated algorithm for identifying glaucoma patients with blindness
Patients with sight impairment (previously referred to as partial sightedness) or severe sight impairment (previously referred to as blindness) are eligible for a certificate of visual impairment (CVI). Certification confers eligibility for a wide range of benefits administered by local...
