Search

Strabismus in thyroid eye disease

Pathogenesis Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an auto-immune condition, in the initial phase there is lymphocytic infiltration and oedema of the extraocular muscles with deposition of glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid and adipogenesis, which can lead to an increase in the...

Ocular electrophysiology

A 34-year-old woman, who is a CEO in a multinational firm, has been losing vision over the last 12 months. She has seen her opticians, who initially tried different glasses but could not improve things. Clinical examination is unremarkable. How...

How to diagnose and treat Acanthamoeba keratitis

Corneal ulceration caused by Acanthamoeba is on the rise, and recent publications indicate an outbreak in the UK over the last few years [1]. Since Acanthamoeba keratitis often presents with atypical features, diagnosis from slit-lamp examination alone can often be...

Time is vision in central retinal artery occlusion

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a rare but devastating vascular episode that can have severe impact on vision. Treatment is very time-limited and needs to be initiated very quickly to salvage any vision. The majority of patients present to...

Understanding medical negligence in the UK: a brief overview

Medical negligence, or clinical negligence, refers to a breach of duty of care by healthcare professionals that results in harm or injury to a patient. In the UK, medical negligence is a serious issue that can have profound consequences for...

A missed opportunity

Back in 2000 Sir Liam Donaldson wrote a piece of work commissioned by the then Secretary of State for Health entitled “An Organisation with a Memory”. We are now 18 years on and still some of the recommendations from them...

The results of the last survey Feb24

Thank you to all those who participated in this edition’s survey and for those of you who attended my recent Medico-legal Seminar at the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. It was a fascinating and educational day, made a success by the...

Trabeculectomy with erroneous Mitomycin-C concentration – a near miss

Trabeculectomy is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for glaucoma in the United Kingdom and worldwide. Modifications to the technique have been made since its introduction in 1963, perhaps the most significant being the adjunctive use of mitomycin-C (MMC), which...

Neurofibromatosis with multiple bilateral choroidal nevi and literature review

The aim is to present a case of neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF-1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, who presented with bilateral multiple choroidal nodular nevi following chemotherapy and mastectomy for breast cancer. Neurofibromatosis type-1 presents as a wide range of...

Progressive myelination of the retinal nerve fibre layer: Acquired or incidental?

*Co-first authors.Myelinated retinal nerve fibres are retinal nerve fibres encased by a myelin sheath, located anterior to the lamina cribrosa [1]. First described by Virchow in 1856, a myelinated retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) appears as a whitish, feathery patch...