You searched for "Refraction"

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How good does my vision have to be to drive this thing? Visual standards for various occupations

We can all picture that moment in clinic: you are about to tell someone that they’re no longer legally able to drive, ready to deploy our ‘breaking bad news’ techniques. For some patients this may have been expected, or they...

Risk calculation variability over time in OHT

In this study the authors aimed to assess the variability of the well documented risk model from the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) that identified higher intraocular pressure (IOP), older age, lower central corneal thickness (CCT), greater vertical cup-to-disc ratio...

Safety and outcome of microincision vitreous surgery in uveitis

This paper reports the outcomes of microincision vitreous surgery (MIVS) 23G/25G in uveitis of 103 patients (106 eyes) who underwent diagnostic MIVS over a period of four years at the Advanced Eye centre in Chandigarth India. The postoperative evaluation included...

Investigating the link between corneal clarity and statin use

Transparency is a vital attribute of the cornea, necessary in preserving healthy vision. Maintaining this requires the collective input of the various layers of the cornea. Mostly, the layers implicated in this are the corneal stroma and endothelium [1]. Our...

The Duke-Elder exam: A medical student’s head start into ophthalmology

The Duke-Elder exam is a specialist ophthalmology exam intended for medical students to sit during medical school. It is named after Sir Stewart Duke-Elder, a pioneering Scottish ophthalmologist who was active in the first half of the 20th Century by...

Prism adaptation outcomes in convergence excess esotropia

This study reports the changes to angle of deviation following prism adaptation in a group of 58 patients with convergence excess esotropia and their surgical outcomes. Age at prism adaptation was 7.2 (SD1.82) years. One child refused prisms and two...

From dry eyes to glaucoma: How the menopause impacts your eyes and what to do about it, according to an optician

Menopause, much like entering puberty, comes with hormonal disruptions that change a woman's body and behaviour. Some of the first visible side effects are hot flushes, weight gain, and acne, accompanied by behavioural symptoms like mood swings, insomnia, and brain...

Comparison of visual field indices between normal adults and children

The authors present a prospective observational study which aimed to compare visual field indices with retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in normal adults and children. Children aged 6–18 years were recruited from a single...

Simultaneous vs. alternate PCT disparity in XT

The authors quantified the relationship between simultaneous prism and cover test (SPCT) and alternate prism and cover test (APCT) alignment in patients with measures at the same visit after surgery for exotropia. This was a retrospective study of 955 patients...

An update on idiopathic intracranial hypertension

The incidence of Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increasing, likely in line with the worldwide epidemic of obesity. To date, there have been revisions in the terminology used and diagnostic criteria for IIH; these recognise the need to exclude secondary...

International variations in ROP treatment

A retrospective cohort review of 48,087 premature infants weighing <1500 gm between 24 to 27 weeks gestation, from 11 high income countries in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Finland, Israel, Japan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tuscany (Italy) and the UK . By...

The implementation of postoperative day 1 vitrectomy telephone follow-up consultations

In this pre-COVID-19 study, the authors argue that some follow-up consultations can be done by telephone without compromising patient safety. Thirty years ago, a study by Isernhagen et al. [1] found that 52% of patients required some form of unexpected...