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Getting the Duke Elder examination right: reflections and tips from a medical student

31 May 2023 | | EYE - General
The Duke Elder undergraduate prize examination is an annual exam organised by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists in the United Kingdom. Named after Sir Stewart Duke Elder, a prominent British ophthalmologist, the exam is designed to encourage undergraduate medical students...

Scholarships, awards and prizes

5 December 2025 | | EYE - General
Perhaps one of the less well-known benefits of being a member of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) is access to the range of scholarships, awards and prizes that we offer. Many of you will be aware of the annual...

Feb/Mar 2016 Quiz 2

1 February 2016 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
History A 30-year-old male presents with a phthisical left eye and undergoes enucleation. He has some lesions in his right eye that are under ophthalmic surveillance. Figure 1 is a low power of the enucleation. Figures 2, 3 and 4...

Toxic nutritional optic neuropathy (TON)

2 August 2022 | | EYE - General
Toxic optic neuropathy are a group of conditions manifested by reduction of visual functions secondary to damage to the anterior visual pathways from exposure to a toxin. The implicated toxin could be work-based, food or drink related, or iatrogenic medication....

The results of the last survey Aug22

2 August 2022 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
The first question really highlights how we can become enshrined in the way we do things. I genuinely thought that everyone was using a cohesive viscoelastic for their cataract surgery. It was what I was taught, and I believe everyone...

An unusual presentation of sarcoidosis

1 October 2021 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - General
*Equally contributing co-first authors. Case report A 45-year-old man presented to his local optometrist with a three-week history of severe intermittent left eye pain with associated blurred vision and tenderness around his left temple. Two days prior, he developed weakness...

The madarosis mystery: unravelling the clues to a host of health issues

4 October 2023 | | EYE - Cornea
Eyelash madarosis is a medical condition characterised by the loss of eyelashes caused by the destruction of hair follicles. It can range from a few missing lashes to a complete absence of lashes on the eyelids. This condition can be...

Acute dacryoadenitis secondary to COVID-19

4 October 2023 | | EYE - General
Acute dacryoadenitis is defined as the rapid onset of discomfort and swelling of the lacrimal gland, classically giving rise to an S-shaped ptosis [1]. Dacryoadenitis is the most common cause of a painful mass in the lacrimal gland in young...

Like a moth to AC flare: CMV-associated hypertensive anterior uveitis

19 September 2025 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Hypertensive anterior uveitis can present a diagnostic challenge to clinicians working in emergency eye departments. While prompt initial control of intraocular pressure (IOP) and inflammation is essential, elucidating the underlying aetiology is critical for long-term visual outcomes. When there is...

What’s next in retinal imaging? Faster, deeper and full-on

1 April 2015 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging
Fast-evolving technological leaps are opening the way toward clinically useful ocular coherence angiography, generating 3-dimensional microvasculature maps without intravenous dye injection, as well as whole-eye imaging, handheld patient-operated optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices and, for challenging vitreoretinal procedures, integrated intraoperative...

Neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy with imaging abnormalities in the occipital lobe – how to counsel the parents

5 April 2022 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
Case A baby boy, with a background of intrauterine growth restriction, was born at 37 weeks and three days gestation via forceps delivery. The baby was born in poor condition, with low heart rate, poor respiratory rate, poor colour and...

My Top Five: Digital ophthalmology revision resources for medical students

1 June 2022 | | EYE - General
Ophthalmology is a broad and exciting field to study but encountering the vast number of topics it contains for the first time in medical school can be a daunting prospect. Building a solid foundation of knowledge in the subject is...