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Ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis: an overview

1 December 2022 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Pathology
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which there is dissemination of lesions in time (two or more clinical events) and space (multiple lesions seen on brain and spinal imaging). The pathophysiology...

Headset perimetry

3 April 2023 | | EYE - General
Visual field analysers are traditionally large table mounted devices, designed specifically for field capture and analysis. Over the last year or so a number of companies have started to disrupt this space with the introduction of headset-based field analysers, mostly...

Intracameral antibiotics in cataract surgery: current evidence base

1 August 2019 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
Following on from our recent online survey*, the authors examine the use of intracameral cefuroxime as the standard of care in cataract surgery. Cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the...

Doing a systematic review: a users’ guide for foundation doctors

1 June 2022 | | EYE - General
Research is increasingly important for junior doctors and systematic reviews (SRs) are a great place to start. Carrying out an SR can help a doctor demonstrate commitment to a specialty, develop research skills and get results quickly. This article aims...

The Escape Room and gamification of ophthalmology teaching

3 April 2024 | | EYE - General
Recently, there has been an interesting development in medical education and its ‘gamification’. Educators are constantly looking for new ways to engage their students by adding a friendly element of competition, as evidenced by the great success of online education...

The Sickle Cell Retinopathy Network is leading global change in screening and management

2 October 2025 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Sickle cell disease or disorder (SCD) is one of the most neglected health conditions in the world. A strong hypothesis is that this is because SCD affects people of African, Caribbean and other Global Majority communities and has received disproportionately...

Addressing diabetes-related complications in Tanzania and Eswatini: A comprehensive approach to eye and foot screening

2 October 2025 | | EYE - Imaging
Diabetes is rising globally, particularly in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), where healthcare systems are under resourced [1,2]. Among its complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic foot disease are preventable yet frequently overlooked [3-6]. These problems often develop together due...

ST3 Trainee experience of cataract surgery training in high flow settings in the independent sector

5 June 2023 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive
As an ST3 trainee, I was provided with the opportunity to complete a surgical training rotation at Newmedica Middlesborough, which involved cataract training on NHS patients undergoing surgery in the independent sector (IS). This reflective account highlights the experience from...

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (part 2): primary angle closure

1 December 2016 | | EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging
Patients with primary angle closure or primary angle closure glaucoma [PAC(G)] comprise a significant subgroup affecting around 10% of glaucoma patients amongst Caucasians. Assessment of the patient with angle closure, or narrow angles, requires gonioscopy. However, whilst identifying the presence...

Biometry and IOL choice errors

1 April 2018 | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive
In the next instalment of this series I focus on problems associated with biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) selection for cataract surgery. I have taken previous medicolegal cases I have dealt with and tried to extract some learning points and...

The approach to trabeculectomy postoperative complications

1 August 2016 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Performing a trabeculectomy is like giving birth to a baby. It may be traumatic and there is scope for devastating error but once the operation is completed only then does the real work begin. The bleb must be nurtured into...

Embryology in clinical practice

1 February 2016 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The fascinating world of embryology is both beautiful and practical. It is a home video of our evolutionary history through the ages from the single cell through to the life aquatic, the development of gut, limbs and brain, and most...