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Aetiology of painful ophthalmoplegia

Painful ophthalmoplegia is a clinical syndrome presenting with periorbital / hemi-cranial pain and ipsilateral ocular motor nerve palsies and can occur with numerous different diseases. In this study, the authors aimed to determine the final definite aetiology among patients with...

How common are carotid-cavernous fistulas and what are the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations?

The authors present a retrospective study using the Rochester Epidemiology Project database. The aim was to establish the incidence of carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) and outline the associated neuro-ophthalmic patterns. Cases were identified from the database using the following criteria: a...

Anatomical measurements for degree orientation and muscle insertions for rectus muscles

This study reports the relative degree orientation of the superior, lateral and inferior rectus muscles with respect to the medial rectus, and the distances between the rectus muscle insertions. The study involved 30 cadavers (60 eyes), all White, 50% female...

My Top Five: A foundation doctor’s top five misconceptions about ophthalmology

Choosing a specialty is challenging. As a foundation doctor, it often feels as if this choice is based solely on fleeting experiences. Compared to other specialties, there is relatively little exposure to ophthalmology during either medical school or foundation years....

Effect of intra-arterial chemotherapy drug regimens on globe salvage outcomes of retinoblastoma patients

This is a retrospective study from Shandong University, China, between May 2016 to November 2019, to compare the effect of 3-drug regimen (melphalan (MP) , topotecan (TP) and Carboplatin (CP)) of 95 patients (97 eyes) with two-drug regimen (MP and...

Three-year results of 0.01% and 0.1% loading dose atropine treatment including washout in Danish children with myopia: a placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial

This was a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial of 97 children to examine the safety and efficacy of low-dose atropine (0.1% and 0.01% loading dose) after 2-year treatment and 1-year washout in 6–12-year-old Danish children with myopia. Ninety-one children were...

Prism fusional vergence measures for Risley vs prism bar measurements

This study sought to investigate the agreement between the phoropter Risley and the prism bar prism fusional vergence amplitudes among a normal sample of Ghanaian children aged 8–17 years. This was a school-based study of 2300 children. Of 2300, 116...

Choice and definitions of surgical outcomes for intermittent exotropia

This review was conducted to address a number of questions: (1) define successful surgical outcome; (2) criteria for successful alignment, (3) consideration of aetiology when deciding surgery, and (4) are visual acuity, fusion and stereoacuity routinely investigated as surgical outcomes?...