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Occult spread of squamous cell carcinoma into the orbit

The authors describe two cases that may represent perineural spread of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) into the orbit. Both cases had cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in the region of the lateral orbital wall (innervated by the zygomatico-temporal nerve) which...

Topical steroids and ptosis surgery

This is a retrospective review examining the effect of prior topical steroid use on patients undergoing ptosis surgery. Out of a total of 406 eyelids undergoing ptosis repairs, 44 had received topical steroids for an average of 3.7 years prior...

Review of bupivacaine use in treatment of strabismus

This review aimed to assess the applications of bupivacaine (B) in the non-surgical treatment of strabismus in human and animal studies. Animal studies show that singly-innervated fibres with low concentrations of mitochondria and developed sarcoplasmic reticulum are more affected by...

Ocular Surface Disorders

This publication provides an excellent overview of ocular surface disease (OSD). Dry eye disease (DED) is the commonest OSD. There has been a recent explosion, both in terms of its diagnosis and the treatments that are available. A textbook that...