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Retrospective review of visual outcomes in Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a clinical syndrome characterised by headache and papilloedema that can lead to significant visual morbidity. IIH is diagnosed by the modified Dandy criteria, which include normal neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition, high CSF opening...

Significant associations to presence of significant retinal haemorrhages in suspected child abuse

The authors aimed to extract statistically significant associations between non-ocular clinical and diagnostic imaging findings and the presence of significant retinal haemorrhages, and then develop an evidence-based screening algorithm to determine when to consult an ophthalmologist in suspected child abuse...

Experiences of patients and their families and the impact of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy

The authors present a qualitative study which aimed to explore the impact of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) from diagnosis to present day on both patients and their families. Individuals with LHON and their families were purposively sampled from four...

Proptosis reduction with teprotumumab versus surgical decompression

This study aims to explore whether fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) can be used to determine the efficacy of teprotumumab when compared to surgical decompression. Simply put, a high FMR equates to more fat expansion and low FMR equates to more muscle...

Step-by-step guide to mastering skills with the Goldmann applanation tonometer

Ophthalmology is a highly specialised field that requires proficiency in various diagnostic skills for numerous conditions. Entrants into ophthalmology at ST1 often possess minimal to no ophthalmic experience beyond what they learned in medical school. Consequently, they may face significant...

Sustainability in cataract surgery: Everyday practice at Kabgayi

Reading the Royal College of Ophthalmologists’ (RCOphth) ‘Sustainable Cataract Surgery’ guidance (September 2025) was a pleasant surprise [1]. Many of its recommendations mirror what we have been doing at Kabgayi Eye Unit for years, not because of formal policy, but...

A missed opportunity

Back in 2000 Sir Liam Donaldson wrote a piece of work commissioned by the then Secretary of State for Health entitled “An Organisation with a Memory”. We are now 18 years on and still some of the recommendations from them...

The approach to trabeculectomy postoperative complications

Performing a trabeculectomy is like giving birth to a baby. It may be traumatic and there is scope for devastating error but once the operation is completed only then does the real work begin. The bleb must be nurtured into...

Paediatric ophthalmology training in Africa through the Juba-Bournemouth VISION 2020 LINK

One of the aims of the College of Ophthalmology of Eastern, Central and Southern Africa (COECSA) is to provide specialist ophthalmic training for practising ophthalmologists from its 11 member countries. A number of initiatives are enabling more ophthalmologists to undertake...

Addressing childhood blindness in sub-Saharan Africa

In this article, the authors explore paediatric ophthalmology subspecialist fellowship training in African nations south of the Sahara. Until recently, most African ophthalmologists who wished to pursue a subspecialty ophthalmology training fellowship had to go abroad. There is a huge...

Toxic nutritional optic neuropathy (TON)

Toxic optic neuropathy are a group of conditions manifested by reduction of visual functions secondary to damage to the anterior visual pathways from exposure to a toxin. The implicated toxin could be work-based, food or drink related, or iatrogenic medication....

Ophthalmology in the developing world

After the second year of medical school, I spent my summer vacation working as a volunteer for a small Italian non-government organisation (NGO), named HEALTH-AID. As part of my volunteering experience, I joined a team of European doctors, medical students...