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Nerve head in healthy humans using OCT-angiography

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a recent, dyeless, and noninvasive imaging technique for evaluating depth-resolved vascular status by capturing the dynamic motion of the erythrocytes. It provides the flow map of major vessels and capillary plexuses separately in different...

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) of the lacrimal sac

The authors present a case series of three patients with known CLL, two of which presented with mass and epiphora and one case with epiphora alone. All three patients had initially being diagnosed and were treated for chronic dacryocystitis. Histopathological...

Preoperative RPE alterations in macular holes

This retrospective interventional case series from Japan assessed whether preoperative alterations of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) in idiopathic macular holes correlated with postoperative functional and morphological changes in the macula. Fifty-nine eyes had preoperative Spectralis OCT using the ‘detailed’...

Carbonic anhydrase II autoantibody specificity in retinopathy

Autoimmune retinopathy (AR) can be divided into three different categories, paraneoplastic retinopathy, including recoverin-associated retinopathy and melanoma-associated retinopathy, non-paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy, combined paraneoplastic optic neuropathy and retinopathy (CAR). These conditions are characterised by circulating anti-retinal autoantibodies, possibly due to a...

Rituximab efficacy for juvenile idiopathic arthritis

This is a retrospective study about the long-term efficacy of rituximab in patients with severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis. A total of eight patients (15 eyes) were recruited in this study in a single tertiary referral centre from Italy....

Cataract surgery and long-term risk of glaucoma in PEX

The objective of this study was to compare the development of glaucoma and IOP over an extended time period following cataract surgery in eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX), and trying to determine the impact of cataract surgery on...

Froben for anterior scleritis

Flurbiprofen (Froben) is one of the nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors blocking both COX-1 and COX-2 pathways. Agrawal et al. undertook a retrospective cohort study to determine the effectiveness of oral Froben in managing noninfectious, non-necrotising anterior scleritis. One hundred and...

Revision of orbital fracture repairs

This is a retrospective review of 13 patients with sub-optimal outcomes following primary orbital fracture repairs who underwent revision surgery. All had fractures of the orbital floor, with four involving other orbital walls, and six also involving other facial bones....

Natural regression of brow heaviness in thyroid eye disease

This is a retrospective review of the change over time in the sub-brow fat volume in 104 patients with thyroid eye disease. Standardised photographs taken at diagnosis were compared with those taken after an average period of 10 years (+/-...

Serology testing in periocular inflammatory disease

This is a review article of serological tests in thyroid eye disease, IgG4-related disease and myasthenia gravis. The authors provide an overview of the current serology with a brief description of how they relate to the pathogenesis of each condition....

Air or SF6 in DMEK

This retrospective study compared descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) outcomes in 136 consecutive eyes of 68 patients. All patients underwent DMEK for Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy, where consecutive eyes received 100% air bubble during first eye surgery and 20% sulphur hexafluoride...

A phase 3 randomised trial of nicotinamide for skin cancer chemoprevention

To B3, or not to B3? That was the question asked in this controlled trial in which the authors were able to show that oral nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is able to reduce further skin cancer development in high risk patients....