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Clinical Techniques in Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology is a highly specialised field with complex equipment often unfamiliar to medical students and foundation doctors due to limited exposure during training. Clinical Techniques in Ophthalmology is a 300-page handbook divided into six sections: Basic Clinical Optics, Ophthalmic Equipment,...

Bioengineered human tissue

This is a literature review of the current status of tissue engineering related to ocular and oculoplastic reconstructive surgery. The authors describe the process of bioengineering for tissue reconstruction. The aim is to reproduce functional tissue by the use of...

Oral omega-3 fatty acid treatment for dry eye in contact lens wearers

This study evaluates the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation of dry eye symptoms, tear film tests, and conjunctival impression cytology in patients with contact lens wear-associated dry eye. In this randomised double-blind, multi-centred trial, contact lens wearers (n=...

Injection of methotrexate into silicone oil-filled eyes for grade C PVR

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. Folate antagonism is known to contribute to the antiproliferative effects of MTX, and release of adenosine from cells and inhibition of polyamines may explain its anti-inflammatory effects. These activities contribute to...

Sutureless, scleral fixated-IOLs

This was a retrospective cohort study of 112 sutureless, scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens implantations (SSFCIOL) over a four-year time period. Mean follow-up duration was 13.0 ±10.4 months. The primary indication for SSFCIOL was dislocation of IOL due to zonular...

Corneal crosslinking in pellucid marginal degeneration

Fourteen studies were included in this first review examining the use of corneal-crosslinking (CXL) to treat pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD). PMD is a bilateral, non-inflammatory corneal thinning disorder characterised by inferior peripheral corneal thinning 1-3mm from the limbus in the...

Hypothyroidsim and acute central serous chorioretinopathy – is there a link?

This cross-sectional study included 71 consecutive acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients and 70 age-matched healthy control subjects. Systemic findings, including serum levels of thyroid hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse rate, serum lipid levels and...

Comparison between findings in OCTA and FA in patients with diabetic retinopathy

In this study the authors present a prospective cross-sectional comparative study of typical findings of diabetic retinopathy to analyse the agreement between the image modalities of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fluorescein angiography (FA). Fifty-three eyes of 42 patients...

Retinal ischaemia on OCTA and diabetic retinopathy grade

The authors quite rightly point out that quantification of retinal ischaemia has the potential to serve as a biomarker for diabetic retinopathy disease progression. They set out to investigate the relationship between area of ischaemia on a swept source OCTA...

Ptosis procedure compared to upper blepharoplasty on dry eye syndrome

In this prospective, comparative case series, the authors compare the effect of combined blepharoplasty and Muller muscle conjunctival resection (MMCR) to an upper blepharoplasty in dry eye syndrome. The study was approved by the local institutional review board and participants...

Silicone oil in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Silicone oil (SO), used in complicated retinal detachments, is associated with complications such as cataract, increased intraocular pressure (IOP), keratopathy, cystoid macular oedema (CMO), epiretinal membrane (ERM) and loss of vision. Emulsification of oil can also lead to migration of...

Anatomical and functional outcomes following switching from aflibercept to ranibizumab in NARMD

This is a six-month, prospective, single-arm study in the UK and Germany. A total of 100 patients were enrolled (one in the primary failure group, 99 in the suboptimal treatment response group), treated three-monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections (0.5mg), and then...