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Features of branchio-oculo-facial syndrome

Branchio-oculo-facial (BOF) syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome that typically presents with branchial cleft sinus defects, ocular anomalies and dysmorphic facial appearance. The authors present a new case alongside the results of a literature review describing the common genetic...

Nystagmus in infants (0–1 year)

This article from a tertiary hospital in Jerusalem documents the examination and investigations of 147 infants aged 0–1 years with nystagmus. The most common pathologies were albinism (59%) and inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) (21%). They had eight patients with vertical...

Literature review of aspects relating to topical anaesthesia for strabismus surgery

This review was undertaken to consider the benefits and limitations, the nuances in surgical techniques and the preoperative testing and counselling in patients considered suitable for topical anaesthesia strabismus surgery. Preoperative considerations were reported as age, tolerance of forced duction...

The results of the last survey Jun24

When I was in my training and even in my early years as a consultant, I did not fully understand the difference between different lenses. When asked my preference of hydrophilic versus hydrophobic intraocular lenses (IOLs) I really did not...

Commonest mistakes during the refraction certificate exam

Ophthalmology specialty trainees are required to pass the refraction certificate exam within the first two years of training. If one passes this exam before entering a training programme, this can add two points to the portfolio during applications. In this...

Is optician led service an answer to ever increasing demand on eye emergency clinics?

The demand for eye casualty appointments has been steadily increasing in the UK, leading to pressures on the hospital emergency services. The incidence of presentations to eye casualty services has been estimated at 20-30 per 1000 per year [1]. Evidence...

Addressing diabetes-related complications in Tanzania and Eswatini: A comprehensive approach to eye and foot screening

Diabetes is rising globally, particularly in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), where healthcare systems are under resourced [1,2]. Among its complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic foot disease are preventable yet frequently overlooked [3-6]. These problems often develop together due...

Primary eyecare backs the government’s three key shifts in NHS care and calls for urgent implementation in Phase One of the 10 Year Plan

ABDO, The College of Optometrists and FODO strongly back the government’s three big shifts for the NHS in England: Hospital to community Analogue to digital Sickness to prevention. These go to the heart of what primary eye care is about...

Laissez-faire approach for medial canthus tumours

This is a retrospective comparative case series of patients who underwent reconstruction of a medial canthal defect using laissez-faire approach (LFS), or a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG). The surgical options were discussed with the patient and the treatment decision was...

Clinical outcomes of AMT in acute ocular chemical injury

This is a retrospective study of patients from two units in Germany and UK between 1998 and 2008. The ocular chemical burns were classified by Roper-Hall and Dua classifications. A total of 72 eyes of 54 patients aged 37.3 years...

Corneal molecular and cellular biology for refractive surgeon

This is an interesting literature review that looks into the recent advances concerning the corneal molecular and cellular processes that are involved in the wound healing response after excimer laser surface ablation and LASIK surgery. It talks about the complex...

Statins inhibit TGFβ2 mediated fibrotic response in astrocytes

Glaucoma is a common condition where increased ocular pressure can lead to death of retinal ganglion cells due to impaired drainage of fluid from the eye. One mechanism involved in glaucoma is remodelling of the extracellular matrix at the lamina...