You searched for "diagnosis"
Aug/Sep 2018 Quiz
History A seven-year-old girl presented with a presumed papillomatous lesion on right inferior fornix (Figure 1). Her parents said the lesion was increasing in size for two weeks. CT scans (Figure 2) revealed a lesion occupying the right medial canthus....Retrospective review of visual outcomes in Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)
1 December 2022
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, Pseudotumor cerebri, visual outcome
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a clinical syndrome characterised by headache and papilloedema that can lead to significant visual morbidity. IIH is diagnosed by the modified Dandy criteria, which include normal neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition, high CSF opening...
Decoding the red eye
15 February 2021
| Vaishnavi Menon, Varshini Manoharan
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EYE - Cornea
Red eye, or hyperaemia, is one of the most common presentations to primary care [1] and the emergency department [2]. However, despite this the underlying cause is often misdiagnosed which can lead to severe, sight-threatening conditions being missed [1]. Thorough...
Caring for adults with an ocular tumour
1 December 2015
| Bertil E Damato
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Detection If you screen for an intraocular tumour, dilate the pupil. If the patient is driving, use phenylephrine only. If the patient declines, document this in the casenotes. Don’t forget to look for sentinel vessels, which would indicate a ciliary...
Under pressure: a tool to aid the non-ophthalmic practitioner in the timely management of acute angle closure
Acute angle closure is a true ophthalmic emergency that mandates timely diagnosis and treatment. The priority in initial management is to lower the intraocular pressure in an expeditious matter using medical treatments. The risk of irreversible glaucomatous optic neuropathy is...Radiologic characteristics of cavernous venous malformations
This study is a retrospective review of cases with a preoperative radiologic diagnosis of cavernous venous malformations (CVMs) over 30 years. The aim of this study was to define imaging characteristics of CVMs, which will help differentiate these lesions from...How common is optic disc drusen in young patients with NAION?
4 August 2021
| Lauren R Hepworth
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
A retrospective notes review at two tertiary care centres was completed between 2009 and 2019. The inclusion criteria for the study was a diagnosis of nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in at least one eye, aged between 18 and...
Outcomes following repair of early-onset versus delayed-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RD) after acute posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)
2 August 2024
| Jonathan Chan
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
This is a retrospective single centre comparative interventional study of 210 patients in total, between 2015 to 2020, presenting with delayed RD (diagnosed >42 days after initial acute PVD presentation) compared with a 2:1 age and gender-matched acute RD cohort...
Serology testing in periocular inflammatory disease
This is a review article of serological tests in thyroid eye disease, IgG4-related disease and myasthenia gravis. The authors provide an overview of the current serology with a brief description of how they relate to the pathogenesis of each condition....Non-contact-lens-associated acanthamoeba keratitis
1 October 2015
| Jaya Myneni
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EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
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Acanthamoeba keratitis, microbial keratitis, microscopy, non-contact-lens, time of presentation
This retrospective study was done to study the clinical presentation and microbiological results of non-contact-lens-related acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). One hundred and ninety-four patients with microbiological / histopathological diagnosis of AK over four years were included. All patients had corneal scrapings...
Bosch-Boonstro-Schaaff optic atrophy syndrome (BBSOAS) NR2F1 mutation
4 December 2023
| Soman Raman, Neda Qurashi, Qasim Mansoor
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
An experienced ophthalmologist can make an anatomical diagnosis of childhood visual impairment based upon the surgical sieve, i.e., congenital and acquired. But an ophthalmologist cannot work in isolation to make an aetiological diagnosis – one would require the help of...
A novel way to diagnose optic neuropathies using Bruch’s membrane opening
7 December 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Glaucomatous neuropathy, compressive optic neuropathy, minimal rim width, non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, non-glaucomatous neuropathy
Differential diagnosis of optic neuropathies can be challenging but is crucial for the correct management of the underlying disease and prevention of further damage. Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) was recently discovered as the anatomical border of the optic disc. BMO...