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En coup de sabre scar and strabismus

This is a case report of an eight-year-old child with gradual progressive strabismus (esotropia and hypotropia) from the age of five years. The angle measured >45 degrees esotropia and 10 degrees hypotropia. There was a depressed linear-localised scar over the...

Early refractive correction promotes esotropia control

This study sought to determine the incidence and characteristics of esotropia in a Northern Ireland population of children <7 years old in a one-year period. The authors report a 2013 cohort in which the area catchment had 29,365 children under...

Why is there subretinal fluid at the macula?

This is a review article looking at the differential diagnosis of subretinal fluid in the macula that could be diagnosed as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). The authors have categorised them into 12 groups: neovascular diseases, vitelliform lesions, inflammatory diseases, ocular...

Change in hyperopia with strabismus

This study aimed to evaluate hyperopic evolution patterns in children with early diagnosis (before three years) and treatment. This was a retrospective study of 78 eyes of 39 children. Forty-nine percent were males and mean follow-up was 130 months (72-193)....

Presenting and diagnostic signs of retinoblastoma

This study revisits the presenting signs of retinoblastoma (RB) in the context of current best practice with respect to diagnosis and assessment of RB. This was a retrospective review of 131 consecutive cases, excluding those with positive family history over...

Yolk sac tumours of the orbit and sinonasal tract

This paper outlines two case reports of patients with yolk sac tumours (YSTs) and carries out a review of the literature on this rare malignancy. YSTs are a type of germ cell tumour and primarily occur in the gonads. Ten...

Outcomes of chemo versus no therapy for optic pathway glioma in NF1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual outcomes of a cohort of children with optic pathway gliomas and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), with comparison of children treated with chemotherapy or not. This was a retrospective study of...

Could midbrain volume on MRI be used to guide diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy?

The authors present a cohort study, of patients with a likely diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) using a combination of prospective assessment and retrospective review. The cohort comprised of 14 patients; the data for six patients was obtained through...

Using perimetry to support lesion location in the retrochiasmal visual pathway

The authors present a retrospective case review of patients with homonymous hemianopia from a 30-year period. Inclusion criteria included completion of perimetry within two years of diagnosis and a MRI brain. Data extracted from the records included demographics, diagnosis details...

Eyelid lesions and excision results

This was a retrospective study of 137 consecutive, non-chalazion, paediatric eyelid lesions excised between 2013-2020. Mean age at diagnosis and excision was 8.24 years (four months to 18 years) and 55.1% were female. Benign non-cystic epithelial lesions accounted for about...

Multidisciplinary care for VKC

The aim of this study was to develop best practice principles for diagnosis and management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in the UK. The authors convened a multidisciplinary panel of three paediatric ophthalmologists, two corneal specialists, a paediatric allergist and orthoptists....

Posterior circulation stroke associated demographics, risk factors and aetiology

The authors present a retrospective case notes review of patients diagnosed with homonymous hemianopia following a radiologically confirmed stroke. A total of 85 patients were identified by searching an electronic medical records system over an 11-year period. Data were extracted...