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Plusoptix referral criteria

The authors compared various referral criteria on the same group of patients to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of each. They also programmed the plusoptix to use the 2013 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) referral...

Amblyopia prevalence in Bulgaria

The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of amblyopia in children aged 4 to 10 years in Bulgaria. This cross-section epidemiology study had proportional stratified sample methods across five cities in Western Bulgaria. Of 1675 children, 42...

Assessing and treating achromatopsia

This literature review considers clinical characteristics (pendular nystagmus, poor visual acuity, lack of colour vision and marked photophobia), genetics (autosomal recessive disease, with CNGA3, CNGB3, GNAT2, PDE6C, PDE6H and ATF6 gene mutations), diagnostic options (OCT and fundus auto fluorescence), and...

Cluster of cyclic esotropia cases

This study reports a series of five patients with cyclic esotropia presenting within a period of 19 months in 2015-16 in one institute. Brain MRI scans were abnormal in two patients (twins) with abnormal white matter signal in the frontal...

Care pathway for isolated orbital blowout fractures

The authors conducted a literature review to inform the development of a care pathway for the assessment and management of adult fractures, specifically isolated fractures not combined with facial or systemic injury. Assessments included a core of Hess chart, field...