You searched for "blepharospasm"
Recognising clinical characteristics of blepharospasm
1 August 2019
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Blepharospasm, benzodiazepines, focal dystonia, psychotropics, sensory-motor disintegration
Focal dystonia is regarded as a characteristic feature of blepharospasm, but patients do not always present with these motor symptoms. The authors present a retrospective analysis of data from a large number of patients treated for drug-induced or essential blepharospasm...
Long-term treatment of blepharospasm using Botulinum Toxin A
1 April 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
The authors report findings from a retrospective single-centre study which aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term botulinum A toxin (BAT) treatment in patients with blepharospasm (BPS). Blepharospasm is described as one of the most frequent types of...
Long-term use of botulinum toxin for hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm
1 February 2022
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Botulinum neurotoxin, benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, tolerance
The authors conducted a retrospective review of clinical / procedure documentation for consecutive blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients undergoing treatment with onabotulinum toxin A (Botox) in one clinic setting over the past 20 years. They report on the...
Moorfields Education: Botulinum toxin: Is it injector error, side effects or complications
19 May 2025
This is an advanced course intended for practitioners who injection the adnexa of the eyes and face including doctors, neurologists, physiotherapists, dystonia and aesthetic nurse/practitioners. It will provide the chance to improve your clinical practice and treatment, management and administration of botulinum toxin for blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, bells palsy, gustatory lacrimation and entropion.
Botulinum toxin after orbicularis myectomy
This is a retrospective review of 27 patients with benign essential blepharospasm who had become resistant to treatment with botulinum toxin and had therefore undergone orbicularis myectomy of the upper lids. The study compares the dose and frequency of botulinum...
Could medical cannabis be used to successfully treat blepharospam?
1 April 2018
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Blepharospasm, cannabis, marijuana, muscle spasm
This study observed the effect of medical cannabis in benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), in addition to standard botulinum toxin treatment. The study comprised of a retrospective chart review on eligible patients and included information on patient demographics, responses, cannabis history...
Validity of coding in neuro-ophthalmology within large administrative datasets
7 April 2021
| Lauren R Hepworth
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
A systematic review of validation studies of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding system, ICD-9 and ICD-10 is presented by the authors. Three searches were conducted based on three concepts, firstly health administration claims and ICD codes, secondly diagnostic...
Switchover study from Botox to Xeomin for facial dystonia
7 April 2021
| Ivan Yip
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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facial dystonia, incobotulinumtoxinA, onabotulinumtoxinA
This study carried out in the UK compared the clinical effectiveness and efficiency of switching patients from Botox® injections to Xeomin®. This was carried out in 20 essential blepharospasm, 12 hemifacial spasm and six aberrant facial nerve regeneration patients. Patients...
Patient-reported outcomes in oculoplastic surgery
This is an important if somewhat difficult to grasp article which tries to formally address the subject of patient-reported outcomes in oculofacial surgery. The authors have conducted an extensive review of the literature searching for instruments (questionnaires) which have been...
PROMs in blepharoplasty
With the advent of clinical commissioning in NHS England the need to demonstrate the benefits of certain surgeries is becoming increasing common. Upper Lid blepharoplasty is a commonly performed operation and often seen as a cosmetic procedure. Danish visitation guidelines...Photophobia: an unusual symptom of a pituitary macroadenoma
2 February 2024
| Kathryn O’Brien, Henry Z Lin, Anthony Vivian
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EYE - General
Introduction Photophobia, defined as ‘an abnormal intolerance to light’, is commonly associated with a range of both ocular and neurological pathologies such as dry eye, blepharospasm, corneal pathologies, cataracts, uveitis, retinal dystrophies, optic neuritis, migraine, meningitis, and traumatic brain injury...
Oculogyric crisis with B12 deficiency
1 June 2022
| Jack Henderson, Colm McCarthy
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
An oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a dystonic movement disorder of the eyes which can last from seconds to hours. Although there is no published diagnostic criteria for OGC, typically the onset is acute, and it is characterised by conjugate upward...
