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Choroidal changes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

This study aimed to evaluate the vascular structure of the choroid in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This was a prospective study of 38 eyes of 19 patients and 60 eyes of 30 healthy controls. None had ocular pathology....

Electrocautery and implantable cardiac devices

This is a literature review of the risks associated with bipolar and monopolar electrocautery in patients with a permanent pacemaker (PPM) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The authors found 12 publications which met their inclusion criteria, but within these there...

How common is empty sella in neuro-ophthalmology patients not suspected of raised intracranial pressure

The study aimed to assess how common the presence of empty / partially empty sella is amongst neuro-ophthalmology patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excluding for papilledema and raised intracranial pressure (ICP). The study retrospectively reviewed case records of consecutive...

What plane should be used for ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter?

This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the differences between optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) between the patients’ two eyes and different ultrasound planes (transverse and sagittal). Participants were recruited over a two-year period from a single neurosurgical department. To...

Validity of coding in neuro-ophthalmology within large administrative datasets

A systematic review of validation studies of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding system, ICD-9 and ICD-10 is presented by the authors. Three searches were conducted based on three concepts, firstly health administration claims and ICD codes, secondly diagnostic...

Case presentation: seizures as a presenting sign of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome of isolated elevated intracranial pressure of unknown cause. Neurological examination in IIH is typically normal except for papilloedema and possible cranial nerve six palsy, although rare, atypical symptoms and signs can occur. With...