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Guide to Gaining Approval for a Clinical Study

1 April 2014 | | EYE - General
This article focuses on gaining approval for clinical research involving NHS patients, although the principles can be applied to other types of research. The intention is to give an overview of the requirements for setting up a research study, but...

Corneal stroma modelling under hypoxic conditions

1 August 2018 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - General | Confocal fluorescence microscopy, Cornea, Corneal organ culture, Extracellular matrix, Stroma
The cornea is exposed to hypoxia under several conditions including sleep, inflammation and wound healing. Being an avascular tissue to maintain transparency, how the cornea homeostatic controls oxygen tension is important. To address this process two models were utilised; a...

The effect of everolimus on retinal pigment epithelium and proliferative vitreo-retinopathy

1 August 2018 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The principal cells involved in proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR) are retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). Everolimus is a drug used in renal cell carcinoma which targets and inhibits a key regulatory protein in cancer (mTOR). In this study, the authors investigated...
Orbit journal cover image

Hydrogel expanders in the management of congenital anophthalmia

3 April 2023 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Orbit
This is a retrospective case series of 11 anophthalmic orbits in eight children. Anophthalmia can result micro-orbitism, congenital fornix atresia, constricted socket, phimotic lids and reduced palpebral aperture. Expanders play an important role in improving the orbital volume and forniceal...

Leadership and management in optometry: why is it important?

1 April 2018 | | EYE - General
The General Medical Council recognises that leadership and management is essential for every doctor, and provides guidance detailing management and leadership responsibilities [1]. Indeed, management and leadership is part of the core training for all medical trainees. However, to date,...

A paediatric case of central retinal artery occlusion following antibiotics and decompression surgery for orbital cellulitis

3 October 2022 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - General
Orbital cellulitis is an ophthalmic emergency that warrants urgent management in the hospital setting [1]. This occurs more frequently in the paediatric population where it is often secondary to sinus infections. Delay in treatment could result in severe complications including...

Demyelinating optic neuropathy

5 June 2023 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - General
Introduction Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory process affecting the optic nerve. After glaucoma, it is the most common optic neuropathy affecting patients under the age of 50. The usual presentation of typical ON is unilateral subacute loss of vision...

The increasing privatisation of ophthalmology: How has and how will it affect resident doctors?

20 August 2025 | | EYE - Cataract
It’s well known that the rising number of private ophthalmology providers in the UK have continued to increase their market share in providing various services. Referrals from NHS trusts have continued to increase with nearly 60% of cataract operations being...

The Irlen Experience

1 November 2014 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
My father used to say that humanity is divided into those that see the world through a moral framework and recognise their place within it, and Tories. When a concerned mother came to the paediatric clinic bearing literature from the...

A case of bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification

1 June 2014 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification (ISC) is a rare, benign disorder of the choroid and sclera. We present a visually asymptomatic 83-year-old caucasian male with clinical findings bilaterally of ISC, and discuss the investigations required to confirm diagnosis and help prevent further...

Ground-breaking achievements in blindness prevention

1 October 2019 | EYE - General
One small UK based charity is enabling pioneering research to prevent blindness in low and lower middle income countries. The British Council for Prevention of Blindness (BCPB), established in 1976, funds innovative research and training which seeds the development of...

Move 78

1 August 2017 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The Soviet Union still existed throughout my formative years, along with a vague undefinable miasma of possible war that generated films such as Red Dawn and Rocky IV. My favourite film from that era was called War Games, in which,...