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Ophthalmology Lecture Notes (Twelfth Edition)

During medical school, our seniors often told us that the easiest way to remember something is to understand it. And rightly so, when I came across the Ophthalmology Lecture Notes textbook as a student I realised that the key to...

Can closing the eyelid during riboflavin induction phase of crosslinking increase corneal thickness?

Corneal crosslinking (CXL) with riboflavin and UVA irradiation is the standard treatment for preventing progression of keratoconus. Thinning of the cornea during the riboflavin loading phase was reported in previous studies which used riboflavin with dextran. A minimum stromal thickness...

Does lower eyelid entropion repair alter corneal topography?

The authors aimed to analyse the corneal morphology before and after advancement of posterior lower eyelid retractors (LERs) alone or in combination with a lateral tarsal strip (LTS) for lower eyelid involutional entropion. Retrospective analysis of 24 consecutive elderly patients...

Bleomycin for conjunctival lymphangioma

This is a retrospective review of 16 eyes which underwent intralesional / sub-conjunctival injections of bleomycin sclerotherapy for conjunctival lymphatic malformations (lymphangiomas). The mean age was 18 (range three to 59 years). Four of the lesions were microcystic and 12...

Age-related distance esotropia – what are the clinical characteristics?

The authors present a retrospective case review of individuals with primary divergence insufficiency or age-related distance esotropia, over a 15-year period. Inclusion criteria allow for the difference between near and distance angles to be patient reported or objectively measured. One...