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Simulation in ophthalmology: a pedagogic viewpoint

The advent of simulation technology has enhanced modern medical training. The first utilisation of simulation was in 1929 where Edward Link used this concept to develop a mechanical flight simulator [1]. Industries such as aviation, nuclear power and the military...

Hype or helpful: ChatGPT

It would have been hard to miss all the attention chatbots have received over the last few months. Whilst ChatGPT is easily the most well-known example of the large language models that have become so widespread of late, artificial intelligence...

Using fusion measures to guide strabismus surgery

In this study the authors targeted patients with non-accommodative decompensating distance esotropia with investigation of prior binocular single vision. Choice of target angle was based on the individual’s fusional amplitudes. The target angle aimed to be less than the distance...

Birdshot retinochoroiditis

Birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC) is a chronic, sight-threatening uveitis, most commonly affecting caucasian individuals in their fourth to sixth decades [1]. The disease is associated with HLA-29 and is characterised by progressive inflammation at the level of retina and choroid, with...

RCT of surgery to correct asymmetrical DVD

This study compared the efficacy of two procedures: (1) bilateral symmetrical anteriorisation of the inferior oblique (AIO) and (2) combined resection and AIO, in cases of asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). This was a prospective randomised controlled trial including 54...

Aug/Sep 2015 Quiz 1

History A 60-year-old woman was referred to ophthalmology with a suspected left eye choroidal naevus. Visual acuity was unaffected in both eyes and she was asymptomatic. Ocular history and medical history were unremarkable. Questions Figure 1: Fundus photograph. 1. What...

Contemporary glaucoma therapy: spoilt for choice

The goal of glaucoma management is to prevent visual loss and disease progression in the patient’s lifetime through effective lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP), the primary modifiable risk factor in glaucoma. Sustained and consistent IOP reduction is key to halting...

Efficacy of browpexy with blepharoplasty

This is a retrospective case series evaluating the efficacy of and comparing the surgical results between internal (IB) and external browpexy (EB) surgery in lifting central and lateral brow. Patients who underwent blepharoplasty without brow lift were used as a...

Capacity building for ophthalmic nursing in Ghana, Botswana and Tanzania

Ophthalmic nurses (ON) have been the backbone of eye health services in Africa since the mid-20th century and remain the largest single cadre of allied ophthalmic personnel in Commonwealth countries in Africa. Numbers are currently estimated at between 3500 and...

Jury duty

Until a few years ago doctors were exempt from jury duty. I am glad that this exemption was lifted as the stint I did at the crown court in Swansea recently was one of the most illuminating two weeks I...

Simulated ocular surgery – strabismus surgery

See also Simulated ocular surgery and Simulated ocular surgery: pars plane vitrectomy and scleral buckling surgery Strabismus surgery requires a range of skills, distinct to those required for intraocular surgery. Even if a trainee does not plan to become a...

What not to miss in neuro-ophthalmology Part 2

As mentioned previously there are several conditions in neuro-ophthalmology that should not be missed by the general ophthalmologist as well as ophthalmology trainees. We discussed in the first part some of these conditions including third cranial nerve palsies, giant cell...