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2nd Liverpool Nasolacrimal and Orbital Dissection Course

This course is aimed at Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) and Ophthalmology higher surgical trainees (ST5-ST8), senior fellows and consultants looking to improve their understanding and surgical skills in joint ENT/ophthalmology nasolacrimal and orbital surgeries. The aim of this course is to provide...

Third nerve palsy

Case scenarios A 71-year-old female presented to a nearby eye emergency unit with two days history of partial ptosis in her left eye with diplopia. She saw her GP earlier that day and he asked her to go to the...

Rapid Ophthalmology

The book is written by a specialist trainee and as the name suggests is indeed a rapid novice’s guide to ophthalmology. The target audience are the medics and junior doctors who need a brush up or exam revision. However, the...

Is it worth performing cataract surgery in amblyopic eyes?

It was estimated that about 3% of all cataract surgeries in adults were performed in eyes that have pre-existing amblyopia, and there is a long-standing belief that eyes with amblyopia have limited benefit from cataract extraction in the adult age....

Radiologic characteristics of cavernous venous malformations

This study is a retrospective review of cases with a preoperative radiologic diagnosis of cavernous venous malformations (CVMs) over 30 years. The aim of this study was to define imaging characteristics of CVMs, which will help differentiate these lesions from...

Clinical outcomes of AMT in acute ocular chemical injury

This is a retrospective study of patients from two units in Germany and UK between 1998 and 2008. The ocular chemical burns were classified by Roper-Hall and Dua classifications. A total of 72 eyes of 54 patients aged 37.3 years...

Vitrectomy after ocriplasmin for VVMT adhesion of MH study

This is a multicentre retrospective study of 51 eyes that received intravitreal ocriplasmin between January 2013 to January 2014 for symptomatic vitreomacular (VMT) +/- macular hole (MH), and then went on to PPV for persistent pathology, comparing a control group...

Corneal molecular and cellular biology for refractive surgeon

This is an interesting literature review that looks into the recent advances concerning the corneal molecular and cellular processes that are involved in the wound healing response after excimer laser surface ablation and LASIK surgery. It talks about the complex...

Aflibercept for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma

The aim of this study was to investigate initial results regarding the treatment of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) with intravitreal aflibercept. NVG is classified into stages 0-3. In stages 1 and 2, abnormal vessel proliferation is seen with or without elevated...

Association of astigmatism and inferior oblique over action

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between primary inferior oblique over action and astigmatism along the axis on the overacting muscle. The authors explored the postoperative change in axis of astigmatism and cylinder power in a...

Outcome of three to four muscle surgery for XT

This study evaluates the short-term outcomes of surgery involving three or four horizontal rectus muscles in patients with exotropia >40 prism dioptres. The authors evaluate the role of adjustable sutures and identify prognostic factors influencing surgical outcome. They assess the...

Proprioception and ptosis

This is a small prospective study investigating the effect of proprioceptive factors on upper lid height. Eight unilaterally anophthalmic patients with ocular prostheses and normal lid heights had standardised photographic measurements taken of their eyelid and brow positions. Three sets...