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PALs use for convergence excess esotropia

This retrospective study includes a disparate group of 39 esotropic patients with an accommodative element from two different clinics with differing prescribing practices. Seven children were excluded due to previous treatment or insufficient follow-up. In all patients single vision glasses...

Update on primary angle closure glaucoma

This review article considers primary angle-closure glaucoma which is responsible for half of glaucoma-related blindness worldwide. Angle closure is characterised by appositional contact between the iris and trabecular meshwork. It tends to develop in eyes with shallow anterior chambers, anteriorly...

VEGF and axial length (RVU)

The authors of this paper set out to examine whether the concentrations of VEGF in the vitreous were associated with refractive error and axial length in eyes without retinal disease, except of macular holes or epiretinal membranes. A vitreous sample...

Intermittent exotropia

Four cases of intermittent exotropia are discussed. Case 1 was a nine-month-old with cycloplegic refraction of +1.0DS and a 30PD intermittent exotropia at near and distance. Discussions considered observation, part-time occlusion, refractive correction and later possibility of surgery. Case 2...

Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculations in paediatric eyes

A study comparing the accuracy of the SRK II, SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, T2 and Super formula in predictive refractive outcomes in children undergoing primary IOL insertion into the capsular bag following cataract surgery. A total of 377 eyes...

Posterior capsular rupture risk factors as reported in the European registry

In this cross-sectional review of the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO) including 2,853,376 patients and 31,749 cases with posterior capsular rupture (PCR), the authors observed a trend of reduction in PCR rate from 1.44%...

Long-term motor and sensory outcomes after surgery for high AC/A ratio esotropia

This study reports the long-term ocular alignment and sensory outcomes after medial rectus recession for high accommodative convergence to accommodation (AC/A) ratio esotropia with a minimum postoperative follow-up of five years. The study included 34 patients (16 male); 31 had...

Systematic review of management options for intermittent exotropia

The authors conduct a robust systematic review of the literature to report evidence on non-surgical and surgical treatment options for intermittent exotropia – divergence excess and basic intermittent exotropia types. Discussion centres on (1) optical correction of refractive error with...